C’est l’âge d’or des CFE (Certified Fraud examiners), des auditeurs internes, des juricomptables, des investigateurs privés et publics, des experts en informatique et des spécialistes en fraude. Comme je l’ai souligné il y a quelques semaines, ces professions sont en forte progression depuis que de nombreux scandales ont fait les manchettes et que diverses règlementations ont été édictées.
L’article ci-dessous, paru le 5 janvier 2013 dans The Economist, brosse un portrait assez concluant de l’évolution de ces pratiques d’investigation menées par les « gardiens de l’intégrité et de la bonne gouvernance« . On y fait mention de la croissance spectaculaire de la firme Kroll, l’une des leaders dans le domaine des investigations de nature corporative. The Economist explique pourquoi ces entreprises prospèrent dans le nouvel environnement de la règlementation en gouvernance : America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, loi Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX), règlementation favorisant le « whistleblowing », etc.
Vous trouverez, ci-dessous, quelques extraits de cet excellent article que je vous invite à lire au complet.
« SHERLOCK HOLMES once remarked that: “It is my business to know what other people don’t know.” These days, detective work is a huge business. Thanks to globalisation, there is a lot that companies would like to know but don’t, such as: is our prospective partner in Jakarta a crook?
Corporate detectives sniff out the facts, analyse them, share them with clients and pocket fat fees. Yet, oddly for a multi-billion-dollar industry devoted to discovering the truth, little is known about private investigators. So your correspondent took up his magnifying glass and set off in pursuit of the bloodhounds of capitalism.
The best-known is Kroll, founded by Jules Kroll, a former assistant district attorney, in 1972. Along with a dozen or so rivals, it can undertake assignments anywhere in the world, at short notice, deploying teams of former cops and prosecutors, computer whizzes, accountants, investigative journalists and others. These firms are the big dogs of private detection. The industry has, ahem, a long tail of thousands of smaller ones. The precise number is unknown since the business is unregulated in some countries.
There is plenty of work to go round. Assignments linked to mergers and acquisitions have dwindled along with the number of deals, but other areas are expanding. One big source of work is the growing complexity of business regulation. Multinationals can never be sure that some employee, somewhere has not violated America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or some other anti-bribery law. Corporate compliance departments often bring gumshoes in to assist their own investigations… An increase in whistleblowing has created more work…
… In 2012 Kroll announced plans to double the size of its R&D team in e-discovery and data recovery over the next five years. Mr Hartley says the headcount in his division, the firm’s investigative core, grew by 15% in 2011. The number of Certified Fraud Examiners (CFEs) in the world has grown by 72% since 2007, to 37,400. (One of them, Harry Markopolos, gave the profession street credibility by spotting the Madoff fraud long before regulators) ».
Articles reliés :
DealBook: Investigative Firm Started by Krolls Acquires Private Watchdog (dealbook.nytimes.com)
Fraud, not mistakes, at heart of bad research (dispatch.com)
No One Would Listen (bryanxie.wordpress.com)
Gouvernance | Jacques Grisé 